The rules for which Ig isotype switches are allowed.


	The rules for which Ig isotype switches are allowed.

FearlessRahul

7-12-2007 5:16 PM

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tags:

immunology

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<div style="margin: 12px 0px; font-family: arial; color: #333333; background: #ffffff; border: solid 4px #e5e5e5; width: 100%; clear: left;"><div class="CM_CTB_Content_Wrap" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;background-color: #ffffff;"><div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #dcdcdc; white-space: nowrap; margin-bottom: 8px; background-color: #eeeeee ;background-image: url(http://www.clipmarks.com/images/source-bg.gif); background-repeat: repeat-x; height: 24px; line-height: 24px; vertical-align: middle; padding-bottom: 4px; color: #666666; font-size: 10px;" ><a href="http://clipmarks.com/clip-to-blog/" title="see clips that are hot right now"><img src="http://content.clipmarks.com/blog_embed/6f753e44-f106-4668-95d1-aa5cbb2a9e5d/61F1D8C3-38D0-46F3-9A46-542A2DAE8950/" alt="" width="19" height="19" border="0" style="vertical-align: middle; margin: 0px 4px; display: inline; border: none; float:none;" /></a>clipped from <a title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Immunoglobulin_class_switching&oldid=137075890" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Immunoglobulin_class_switching&oldid=137075890" style="font-size: 11px;">en.wikipedia.org</a></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Immunoglobulin_class_switching&oldid=137075890"><DIV class="thumbinner"><A title="Mechanism of class switch recombination that allows isotype switching in activated B cells" class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Class_switch_recombination.png"><IMG width="350" height="350" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b3/Class_switch_recombination.png/350px-Class_switch_recombination.png" class="thumbimage" longdesc="/wiki/Image:Class_switch_recombination.png" alt="Mechanism of class switch recombination that allows isotype switching in activated B cells" /></A>
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<DIV class="magnify"><A title="Enlarge" class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Class_switch_recombination.png"><IMG width="15" height="11" alt="" src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" /></A></DIV>
Mechanism of class switch recombination that allows isotype switching in activated B cells</DIV>
</DIV></blockquote><div style="height: 2px; font-size: 2px; background: #dcdcdc; border-bottom: solid 1px #f5f5f5; margin: 2px 4px;"></div><blockquote style="text-align: left; padding: 0px 8px; margin: 4px 0px 8px 0px; background: transparent; border: none;" cite="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Immunoglobulin_class_switching&oldid=137075890"><P>Naïve mature B cells produce both <A title="IgM" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgM">IgM</A> and <A title="IgD" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgD">IgD</A> that have identical antigen binding regions. After activation by antigen, some B cells will class switch to produce IgG, IgA or IgE antibodies. During class switching, the constant region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain changes but the variable regions, and therefore antigen specificity, stay the same. This allows different daughter cells from the same activated B cell to produce antibodies of different isotypes or subtypes (e.g. IgG1, IgG2 etc.).<SUP class="reference" id="_ref-0"><A title="" href="#_note-0">[2]</A></SUP> Class switching will only occur to incorporate a heavy chain gene that resides downstream (in the immunoglobulin <A title="Locus" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locus">locus</A>) from that of the original binding antibody.</p> <P>The order (after the V, D, and J regions) is as follows:</p> <UL>
<li style="margin-left:16px;padding-left: 0px;">μ - <A title="IgM" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgM">IgM</A></LI>
<li style="margin-left:16px;padding-left: 0px;">δ - <A title="IgD" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgD">IgD</A></LI>
<li style="margin-left:16px;padding-left: 0px;">γ3 - <A title="IgG" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgG">IgG</A>3</LI>
<li style="margin-left:16px;padding-left: 0px;">γ1 - IgG1</LI>
<li style="margin-left:16px;padding-left: 0px;">α1 - <A title="IgA" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgA">IgA</A>1</LI>
<li style="margin-left:16px;padding-left: 0px;">γ2 - IgG2</LI>
<li style="margin-left:16px;padding-left: 0px;">γ4 - IgG4</LI>
<li style="margin-left:16px;padding-left: 0px;">ε - <A title="IgE" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IgE">IgE</A></LI>
<li style="margin-left:16px;padding-left: 0px;">α2 - IgA2</LI></UL></blockquote></div><div style="margin: 0px 6px 6px 4px;"><table style="font-size: 11px;border-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%"><tr><td style="background:transparent;border-width:0px;padding:0px;">&nbsp;</td><td align="right" style="background:transparent;border-width:0px;padding:0px;width:107px" width="107"><a href="http://clipmarks.com/share/61F1D8C3-38D0-46F3-9A46-542A2DAE8950/blog/" title="blog or email this clip"><img src="http://content6.clipmarks.com/images/c2b-foot.png" border="0" alt="blog it" width="107" height="17" style="border-width:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px;" /></a></td></tr></table></div></div>

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