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POPSLearn Like A Human A very intriguing look at machine learning from the perspective that the human brain is the best model we have to emulate.
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POPSTedTalks: Brain Science About to Fundamentally Change Computing (Jeff Hawkins, 2003) To date, there hasn't been an overarching theory of how the human brain really works, Jeff Hawkins argues in this compelling talk. That's because we still haven't defined intelligence accurately. But one thing's for sure, he says: The brain isn't like a powerful computer processor. It's more like a memory system that records everything we experience and helps us predict, intelligently, what will happen next. Bringing this new brain science to computer devices will enable powerful new applications -- and it will happen sooner than you think.
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POPSHuman Brain in Silicon - the Beginning "On Intelligence" models the neocortex (the especially human layer) as a remarkably adaptable hierarchy that learns patterns of increasing sophistication using the thalamus as a sequencing clock in a manner reminiscent of computer hardware. The Numenta model is called HTM - Hierarchical Temporal Memory. Free software and tools are available for hacker experimentation.