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POPSBifacial Hand axe 1.83ma found in Malaysia There are different tectonic plates in this region. , it doesn't sound like 'Out of Africa 101' (erectines 'supposedly' coming from Africa)is holding up well in the evidence arena. Not surprising actually since Humanity developed out of the Tethys Ocean and spread later into Africa.Other Tethys animals are the whale, dolphin, etc.
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POPSMon prenom voici l'origine de ce prenom qui a tant de mal a ce faire prononçer.
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POPSKnowing Himalayan Mount Formation The Great Himalayan region is one of the few remaining isolated and inaccessible areas in the world today. Some high valleys in the Great Himalayas are occupied by small clustered settlements. Extremely cold winters and a short growing season limit the farmers to one crop per year, most commonly potatoes or barley. The formidable mountains have limited the development of large-scale trade and commerce despite the construction of highways across the mountains linking Nepal and Pakistan to China. Older trails, which cross the mountains at high passes, also have limited trade and are open only during the summer months.
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POPSSongs of the Humpback Whale,Columbia Records, 1970, As an artefact, the album tells us as much about sensibilities of the era as it does about whales themselves. Payne had opened up an undersea world previously restricted to marine biologists; an eerie submarine space of basso profondo groans and solitary, echoing moans which could not but resonate with listeners buffeted by the socio-political shocks of the late 1960s. Audiences were fascinated to learn that only male humpback whales sing, that they can sing continuously for more than 24 hours, that whales have no vocal chords and generate sound by forcing air through their massive nasal cavities, and that different herds in various parts of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans produce distinct songs, which change over a number of years never to return to the same sequence of notes.
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POPSTethyan Himalaya : Eduardo Garzanti A complex interplay of tectonic, eustatic and oceanographic processes concurred in the development of ‘drowning unconformities’ at the top of the Giumal clastic shelf. Rapid deepening and waning of both volcanic and quartzo-feldspathic terrigenous detritus are mainly ascribed to the global mid-Cretaceous sea-level rise and to rapid thermo-tectonic subsidence at the end of the short-lived Albian magmatic event, possibly related to a mantle plume rising beneath northern India. Intensification of the east-bound oceanic current off the north margin of India after the final break-up of Gondwanaland was responsible for continuous resuspension and minimal accumulation rates around the shelf-break. The associated coastal upwelling favoured impingement of the oxygen-minimum zone on the outer shelf, with glauco-phosphorite deposition coinciding in time with peak global transgressions and ‘anoxic events’ in the world oceans.
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POPSremnants of the Tethys
By about 15 million years ago plate collisions had shut the seaways of the Tethys and created mountain barriers in the Balkans and on both sides of Iran. However, with major rivers like the Volga and Danube draining into the former northern arm of the Tethys, the water had to go someplace. Turkey, Greece, and Iran are small pieces of continental crust that are being crunched by the convergence of Africa and Eurasia. 20 million years ago the plates looked something like this. There were still remnants of the Tethys. Columbus wouldn't have needed to sail west to reach Asia, and there would have been no need for a Suez Canal. Greece, Turkey, and Iran are drawn in their present shapes, but the reality is they are all mosaics of small pieces and nobody has a clear idea exactly what they looked like. They were probably originally attached to Africa, but the details are still unknown. The drainage divides northward to the Baltic are only about 160 meters (500 feet) above sea level, so f
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POPSHimalayas: Two continents collide About 225 million years ago, India was a large island still situated off the Australian coast, and a vast ocean (called Tethys Sea) separated India from the Asian continent. When Pangaea broke apart about 200 million years ago, India began to forge northward. By studying the history -- and ultimately the closing-- of the Tethys, scientists have reconstructed India's northward journey. About 80 million years ago, India was located roughly 6,400 km south of the Asian continent, moving northward at a rate of about 9 m a century. When India rammed into Asia about 40 to 50 million years ago, its northward advance slowed by about half. The collision and associated decrease in the rate of plate movement are interpreted to mark the beginning of the rapid uplift of the Himalayas. Fifty kilometers north of Lhasa (the capital of Tibet), scientists found layers of pink sandstone containing grains of magnetic minerals (magnetite) that have recorded the pattern of the Earth's flip-flopping magnet
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POPSWadia Institute Himalayan Geology The Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology carries out basic research in Himalayan Geology and related fields which includes geodynamic evolution, mountain building processes, geoenvironment and mineral resources. The research activities of the Institute are conducted through time - bound project mode and the areas of its multi- disciplinary research are organised into the following four areas namely: * Tectonophysics. * Petrology & Geochemistry. * Lithogenesis- Biostratigraphy. * Earth Resources and Environment.
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POPSfossilised jawbone of the oldest whale yet discovered The ocean it once inhabited was destroyed when the Indian continent collided with Asia, creating the Himalayan mountains. This, they believe, shows that the first whales swam in rivers, estuaries and oceans in search of fish, as well as spending time on land. Modern whales have become entirely adapted to ocean life, but have retained the need to breathe. Monday, December 21, 1998 Published at 23:51 GMT Sci/Tech Oldest whale fossil confirms amphibious origins Whales once lived on land, only dipping into the ocean for food The fossilised jawbone of the oldest whale yet discovered has confirmed the theory that the giant sea mammals' ancestors were amphibians. They rested and reproduced on land but dived into rivers and the ocean to fish for food. The jawbone, complete with teeth, is 53.5m years old - 3.5m years older than previous record holder - and was found in the Simla Hills of northern India.
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POPSScientists find palm fossils in Ladakh "The fossils belong to the middle-late Eocene period, anywhere between 45-33 million years ago," SK Paul, a senior scientist with the Dehradun-based Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology said. The fossils were discovered near Shingbuk, about 12 km from Tsokar which lies in the Indus Suture Zone which divides the Himalayas from the Karakoram Mountains as well as the Tibetan plateau. The scientists claim that the fossil specimen discovered by them is different from all the known species of Palmacites and have described it as a new species, 'Palmacites tsokarensis', named after the locality from where it was collected. "Its presence not only indicates that palms were abundant during the middle-late Eocene in the region, but also suggests that the area had not attained as much height as it has today (about 5,000 meters above mean sea level)," he said.
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POPSMystery of the Himalayas solved Scientists can't even be sure how high the land was before India crashed into Asia, obliterating the Tethys Ocean which used to separate them. Like western South America, the coast could have been lined by mountains.Some scientists have even suggested that the rise of the Himalayas could have triggered the Ice Age by increasing the total amount of global rain and removing vast amounts of carbon dioxide from the air.By pushing the Himalayas to their current altitude, more than 8,000m above sea level, and raising the Tibetan plateau to 5,000m, the detachment of the block was responsible for both the monsoon rains that make south Asia so fertile and the Gobi desert in central Asia. Warm winds blowing from the Pacific Ocean cool as they rise over the mountains, releasing the moisture they contain as torrential rains, leaving almost no water to fall on the arid interior of the continent.
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POPSTethys Sea, a body of water that existed between a landmass of northern hemisphere continents During the late Jurassic the world was certainly a different place, and what is now Solnhofen is now understood to have been part of an archipelago on the edge of the Tethys Sea, a body of water that existed between a landmass of northern hemisphere continents (Laurasia) and southern hemisphere continents (Gondwana) during the late Jurassic (but through time continued to shrink until it ceased to exist). Along this archipelago were lagoons that were fairly isolated from the sea by coral reefs, allowing the lagoons to develop such a high salinity that little could live in the concentrated saline waters. There is some debate about where the division occurred between habitable water and the anoxic level (some arguing a division in the water column, others that the anoxic level was below the first level of sediment), but regardless of level it is apparent that once organisms settled to the bottom they received little disturbance from scavengers or abiotic factors. This is consistent with t
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POPSDesert whales Desert whalesForty million years ago a vast area of the northern part of the Egyptian Western Desert was nothing but a sea. The whole of Fayoum was submerged; it was part of the Tethys Sea. In reality, Tethys Sea was so enormously big that some scholars call it Tethys Ocean rather than sea. When it finally receded, it formed what we know today as the Aral, Caspian and Black seas. In its bluish- green water dwelled creatures that evolved and survived or did not and became extinct. One of the biggest inhabitants of the ancient sea was Zeuglodon, the famous whale of Fayoum.
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